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“We will justify the Government's trust”: the Participation of the Russian Orthodox Church in Soviet Ideological Campaigns in 1945–1953
The article examines the participation of the Russian Orthodox Church in the Soviet ideological campaigns in 1945-1953. The differences between the church’s approach towards the ideological campaigns in domestic and foreign policy are being identified. It is made a conclusion that in domestic dimension the Russian Orthodox Church participates in mobilization campaigns, while in foreign dimension it was involved both in mobilization and repressive campaigns. The author analyzes the distinctions between the Orthodox and the Soviet lines in such issues, as the construction of communism, the concept of the Soviet patriotism, Stalin’s cult of personality, the antagonization of West and the struggle against colonialism.
Keywords: Russian Orthodox Church; Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate; Late Stalinism; Ideological Campaigns; Personality Cult; Cold War.The Minsk Pendulum: the Implications of 2020 Belarus Presidential Election
In august, 2020 it was held the Belarus presidential election, which resulted in the aggravation of relations between Minsk and Brussels. The article reviews the international consequences of the election in Belarus, as well as its impact on the bilateral Russia-Belarus relations. The role of mass media in the hybrid conflict between Belarus and the West are specified. The author touches upon the sanctions with noting that imposing restric tions against Minsk has accelerated the Union State building. It is drawn a conclusion that A.Lukashenko’s room for political manoeuvre has diminished, that is why Moscow is able to realize its strategic plans.Keywords: Belarus; the Union State of Russia and Belarus; hybrid war; the post-soviet space; sanctionsThe EU’s Diplomacy on the South Caucasus on the Basis of the Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict in 2020–2021
The article reviews the European Union members’ positions on the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict resolution in 2020-2021. The EU’s commitment to the dialogue between Armenia and Azerbaijan under the mediation of the OSCE Minsk Group is considered as a cornerstone of the European policy in the region. The factors foreclosing an opportunity to develop a common European approach towards the conflict are analyzed. It is concluded that the consensus can not be achieved due to the fact that pro-Armenian and pro-Azerbaijani lobby groups resort to such leverages as diaspora activities or drawing attention to the bilateral dialogue with one of the Caucasian republics. The significance of the Turkish factor for the Nagorno-Karabakh problem is emphasized. Despite the fact that today the EU treats the question as marginal, the author notes that the European involvement in the post-conflict regulation on the South Caucasus may be viewed as an opportunity to maintain the EU’s political influence in the region.Keywords: the European Union; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey; Nagorno-Karabakh; the second Karabakh war; the South Caucasus«And the work of righteousness shall be peace; and the effect of righteousness…»: ROC in the Struggle for Peace at the Turn of the 1940s–1950s
The declined interest of the Soviet leadership in the church’s activities in the late 1940s led to the fact that the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) was compelled to demonstrate its own significance. The struggle for peace, in which the church took the international peace movement’s position, became one of the most important directions of the ROC activities. The article reviews the key aspects of the church’s participation in the struggle for peace on the basis of papers of the Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate. The general distinctive features of the church’s rhetoric are being identified. It is made a conclusion about the transformation of the church’s approach toward the coverage of the international developments and the convergence of the church and state lines.
Keywords: Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate; Russian Orthodox Church; Religious Politics; Late Stalinism; Peace Movement.Composition of the Cabinet of Ministers in 1734–1741: Activities of the Main Personalities
The article reviews the evolution of the Russian Orthodox Church’s rhetoric in the early postwar Soviet Union on the basis of papers of the Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate. The main directions of the Russian Orthodox Church’s indoctrination are being analyzed. The article specifies the role of the church in the postwar glorification of J. Stalin in the framework of the cult of his personality. The author concludes that the Russian Orthodox Church generally followed J. Stalin’s line but shifted emphasis while dealing with some particular issues.Keywords: the Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate; the Russian Orthodox Church; religious politics; postwar Stalinism; politics of memory; cult of personality