The article is devoted to the socio-political activities of Ilya Moiseevich Geitsman (1879–1938), a revolutionary, leader of the anarchist movement in Russia, and a soviet diplomat. Geitsman was one of the organizers of the anarcho-communist movement “khlebovoltsev” on the territory of Belarus and Lithuania in 1905–1907. In 1914–1918, he became the leader of the anarchist movement in Siberia. At the same time, he becomes one of the influential figures of the Centrоsibir’, had an impact on the formation of its political course. In 1921–1923, he became one of the ideologists of the “anarcho-Bolsheviks”, pursued a course for the integration of the anarchist movements of Russia and Europe into the orbit of the influence of the RCP(b).

The All-Russian Federation of Anarchist Youth (WFAM) is a unique historical phenomenon. This is the only anarchist youth organization of All-Russian scale that operated during the Great Russian Revolution and received a fairly wide response in the regions. Within the framework of the WFAM, an attempt was made to ideologically update Russian anarchism based on the concept of “unified anarchism”. In addition, the leaders of the WFAM attempted an organizational unification of the anarchist movement.

The All-Russian Federation of Anarchist Youth (WFAM) is a unique historical phenomenon. This is the only anarchist youth organization of All-Russian scale that operated during the Great Russian Revolution and received a fairly wide response in the regions. Within the framework of the WFAM, an attempt was made to ideologically update Russian anarchism based on the concept of “unified anarchism”. In addition, the leaders of the WFAM attempted an organizational unification of the anarchist movement.

This article is devoted to the political activities and ideas of Maxim Rayevsky (Lev Iosifovich Fishelev) – one of the theorists of Russian anarchism, publicists, most famous at the beginning of the XX century, but in our time forgotten even by researchers of anarchist thought. Raevsky was actually the first among Russian anarchists to formulate the concept of «free Soviets». Analyzing the events of the First Russian Revolution, he developed the concept of a «transition period» from a capitalist society to an anarcho-communist one, in which state power, in a decentralized version, was to pass into the hands of Soviets of Workers' and Peasants' Deputies. During the Great Russian Revolution of 1917–1922, this concept of a gradual transition to an anarchist system was adopted by many members of the anarchist movement.