Simonova Tat'ana Mikhailovna
– Ph. D., historian, senior lecturer, the senior scientific employee of Institute of Military History
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Realities of the Civil War: New Materials and Traits to the Portrait of Stanislaw Bulak-Balakhovich
The World War I changed the geopolitical picture of the post-war Europe and encouraged emergence of extraordinary personalities. Stanislaw Bulak-Balakhovich, a guerilla warrior, adventurer, lucky and successful army commander, can be described as one of such figures. War experience he obtained at the frontlines and personal qualities ensured that he was welcomed in armies of several states, including the Russian Empire, the Soviet Russia, Estonia, and Poland. Bulak-Balakhovich made his way from the rank of captain of horses in the Russian Imperial army to the rank of the Polish Republic army general rapidly. He was decorated with Virtuti Militari, the highest Polish order. His attempts to create Belorussian detachments (army) failed because the Polish leaders vigorously suppressed any expression of national self-consciousness on territory under their control. After the Soviet-Polish war ended and the self-contained march to Belorussia failed Bulak-Balakhovich resided in Poland down to the World War II beginning and collaborated with the Polish military command (intelligence and counterintelligence).Keywords: The First World War; The Russian Civil War; Soviet-Polish war; anti-Soviet formations in Poland; Polish Ministry of War; Balakhovich.Failed Victories: Russian Military Forces in Poland (1919–1924)
The establishment of young republics in Versailles system of international relations was accompanied by the formation of national armies under the leadership of the French general staff'. In the eastern policy of Pilsudsky the anti-soviet military forces could be allies. After their internment they were placed in Polish camp. Amnestied refugees were under the tutelage of soviet and emigrant structuresKeywords: Versailles system; Poland; French general staff; White Army; internment; antisoviet military forces; аmnestied refugees.The Russian Military Emigration and Fascism: Politics and Geopolitics
Russian military emigration of the first wave in the European states of the Versailles system appeared in the conditions of formation of nationalism, fascism and nazism. Concerning these phenomena different representatives of Russian emigration defined their position in different way. The article gives the analysis of the most weighed position of the representatives of Russian emigration.Keywords: Russian military emigration; military union; the Versailles system; nationalism; fascism (nazism); collaboration; geopolitical position of Russia; A.Denikin; V.Orekhov.