The subjects of the article’s concluding part are the modernization of the Soviet industry over the 50s and 60s and the subsequent events which brought about its structural crisis. It is noted that this modernization marked one of the most successful periods of the Soviet economy development. Peculiarities of the Soviet world-economy and the peculiar forms of maintenance of its structural and technological balance are demonstrated. According to the author, the reason for the Soviet industrial system’s structural crisis is the conflict between attempts to maintain high rates of the Soviet world-economy's structural core development and maintenance of the structural and technological frameworks for the economic growth. The author emphasizes that this conflict emerged due to competition with the West which went along in the military as well as in the consumption spheres.

The author examines logic and mechanisms employed in the course of the Soviet industrial system's two modernizations which were undertaken in 1930s and in 1950-1960s. The first modernization represented the economic component of a peculiar supernational social macro-project which integrated values of the Soviet society and was a response to the crisis of the Western civilization model. The second modernization provided for adaptation of the Soviet industrial system to new conditions of the Soviet society development which emerged in the post- WWII period. The examination is carried from interdisciplinary positions. The conventional economic analysis is strengthened with examination of social and cultural dimensions of the Soviet modernization and of the structure of the Soviet world economy etc. The model of the Soviet industrial system which resulted from the two modernizations up to 1970s provided for dynamic economic growth within which the standards of living visibly improved, large scale defensive programs were initiated and developed and manufacturing was being switched to new generations of technologies. The same model predetermined the limits of evolutionary self-development of the Soviet industrial system as regards aims and targets of the self-development and the systemic resources employed.