Focusing on noble female entrepreneurs as factory-owners, this article explores women as active subjects of entrepreneurship and it attempts to study their practices as a right to independent ownership of property. According to the «Register of Factories in Russia for the Years 1813 and 1814», in 1814, business-women owned 165 industrial enterprises, and noble owners run 46% of them. An analysis of «The List of Factory-Owners and Manufacturers of the Russian Empire for the Year 1832» shows that noblewomen owned 241 enterprises out of 484 (or 50%), belonging to women. The share of women among factory owners grew from 4.4% in 1814 to 9.1% in 1832. The parameters of noble women properties, influence, and style of management are examined using detailed prosopographical data. The author concludes that in a noble economic unit centred on the manorial estate, industrial enterprises were one of the elements of infrastructure.