The article analyzes the changes in the German "Eastern policy" that occurred between the two world wars. These changes are traced by the example of two occupation of the Crimean peninsula in 1918 and 1941–1944. Based on a wide range of sources and literature identified the aspects, the study of which contributes to the identification of the main trends in changes in the German "Eastern policy". The goals and tasks of the German military and political leadership regarding the Crimea during both occupation, the administrative forms of the management of the occupied territories, the attitude of the population to the occupiers and the occupiers to the population. On the example of such demonstrations of this attitude as collaborationism, Resistance Movement, terror, the national factor, the conclusion that the German "Eastern policy" remained practically unchanged throughout the first half of the XX century. However varied its methods, which was due to Nazi ideology, and also the fact that in contrast to 1918 and in 1941–1944 of the Crimean population represented a very different community – the Soviet people.